Antibiotic resistance is a significant and growing global health challenge that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotics. This resistance can occur naturally over time through genetic mutations, but the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in human medicine and agriculture have accelerated the process. Resistant bacteria survive antibiotic treatment and continue to multiply, leading to infections that are harder to treat. This can result in longer hospital stays, higher medical costs, and increased mortality. Combatting antibiotic resistance requires a multifaceted approach, including the development of new antibiotics, improved infection prevention and control, responsible antibiotic prescribing practices, and global efforts to monitor and reduce the spread of resistant strains. Public awareness and education are also crucial in promoting the responsible use of antibiotics to preserve their efficacy for future generations.